Evidence Tools
MCHbest. Childhood Vaccination with MMR, Flu, and HPV.
Strategy. Home Visiting
Approach. Engage with home visiting to discuss the importance of childhood vaccines.
Overview. Home visitors assess clients’ vaccination status, discuss the importance of recommended vaccinations, and either provide vaccinations to clients in their homes or refer them to other services. Home visits may be conducted by vaccination providers (e.g., nurses) or others (e.g., social workers, community health workers).
Interventions may be directed to everyone in a designated population (e.g., low-income single mothers), or to those who have not responded to other intervention efforts, such as client reminder and recall systems.
Programs may be implemented alone or as part of a larger healthcare system or community-based program to increase vaccination rates.
Evidence. Scientifically Rigorous Evidence. Strategies with this rating are most likely to be effective...
Access the peer-reviewed evidence through the MCH Digital Library or related evidence source.
Potential Data Sources. Data to support this strategy can be accessed through:
- Home visitor activity and fidelity logs
- Parent/caregiver self-efficacy surveys
- Parent/caregiver satisfaction surveys
Outcome Components. This strategy has shown to have impact on the following outcomes (Read more about these categories):
- Access to/Receipt of Care. This strategy increases the ability for individuals to obtain healthcare services when needed, including preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services.
- Utilization. This strategy improves the extent to which individuals and communities use available healthcare services.
Detailed Outcomes. For specific outcomes related to each study supporting this strategy, access the peer-reviewed evidence and read the Intervention Results for each study.
Intervention Type. Health Teaching (Education and Promotion) (Read more about intervention types and levels as defined by the Public Health Intervention Wheel).
Intervention Level. Community-Focused
Examples from the Field. There are currently no ESMs that use this strategy. Search similar intervention components in the ESM database.
Sample ESMs. Here are sample ESMs to use as models for your own measures using the RBA framework (see The Role of Title V in Adapting Strategies).
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Quadrant 2:
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Quadrant 3:
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Quadrant 4:
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Note. When looking at your ESMs, SPMs, or other strategies:
- Move from measuring quantity to quality.
- Move from measuring effort to effect.
- Quadrant 1 strategies should be used sparingly, when no other data exists.
- The most effective measurement combines strategies in all levels, with most in Quadrants 2 and 4.
Learn More. Read how to create stronger ESMs and how to measure ESM impact more meaningfully through Results-Based Accountability.
References
[1] Bond LM, Nolan TM, Lester RA. Home vaccination for children behind in their immunisation schedule: a randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust 1998;168:487-90.
[2] Dietz VJ, Baughman AL, Dini EF, Stevenson JM, Pierce BK, Hersey JC. Vaccination practices, policies, and management factors associated with high vaccination coverage levels in Georgia public clinics. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000;154:184-9.
[3] Deuson RR, Brodovicz KG, Barker L, Zhou FJ, Euler GL. Economic analysis of a child vaccination project among Asian Americans in Philadelphia, PA. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155:909-14.
[4] Johnston BD, Huebner CE, Anderson ML, Tyll LT, Thompson RS. Healthy steps in an integrated delivery system: child and parent outcomes at 30 months. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160:793-800.
[5] LeBaron CW, Starnes DM, Rask KJ. The impact of reminder-recall interventions on low vaccination coverage in an inner-city population. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004;158:255-61.
[6] Lemstra M, Rajakumar D, Thompson A, Moraros J. The effectiveness of telephone reminders and home visits to improve measles, mumps and rubella immunization coverage rates in children. Paediatrics and Child Health 2011;16(1):e1-5.
[7] Rodewald LE, Szilagyi PG, Humiston SG, Barth R, Kraus R, Raubertas RF. A randomized study of tracking with outreach and provider prompting to improve immunization coverage and primary care. Pediatrics 1999; 103(1):31-8.
[8] Rosenberg Z, Findley S, McPhiliips S, Penachio M, Silver P. Community-based strategies for immunizing the ‘hard-to-reach’ child: the New York State Immunization and Primary Health Care Initiative. Am J Prev Med 1995;11:14-20.
[9] Szilagyi PG, Schaffer S, Shone L, Barth R, Humiston SG, Sandler M, et al. Reducing geographic, racial, and ethnic differences in childhood immunization rates by using reminder/recall interventions in urban primary care practices. Pediatrics 2002;110:e58.
[10] Wood D, Halfon N, Donald SC, Mazel RM, Schuster M, Hamlin JS, et al. Increasing immunization rates among inner-city, African American children. A randomized trial of case management. JAMA 1998; 279:29-34.